Display_D_HP/TeamAAS-VM/Core/FocusAnalysisEngine.cs

using MathNet.Numerics.Statistics;
using OpenCvSharp;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using TeamAAS_VP.Enums;
using TeamAAS_VP.Models;

namespace TeamAAS_VP.Core
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 图像清晰度分析引擎
    /// </summary>
    public class FocusAnalysisEngine
    {
        // 自定义Clamp方法
        private static double Clamp(double value, double min, double max)
        {
            return value < min ? min : (value > max ? max : value);
        }

        private static int Clamp(int value, int min, int max)
        {
            return value < min ? min : (value > max ? max : value);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 计算图像清晰度
        /// </summary>
        public static double CalculateImageSharpness(Mat image, FocusMethod method, Rect? roi = null)
        {
            if (image == null || image.Empty())
                throw new ArgumentException("输入图像无效");

            // 转换为灰度图
            Mat gray = new Mat();
            if (image.Channels() == 3)
                Cv2.CvtColor(image, gray, ColorConversionCodes.BGR2GRAY);
            else
                gray = image.Clone();

            // 应用ROI
            if (roi.HasValue)
            {
                gray = new Mat(gray, roi.Value);
            }

            double sharpness = 0;

            switch (method)
            {
                case FocusMethod.Tenengrad:
                    sharpness = CalculateTenengrad(gray);
                    break;
                case FocusMethod.Laplacian:
                    sharpness = CalculateLaplacianVariance(gray);
                    break;
                case FocusMethod.Brenner:
                    sharpness = CalculateBrenner(gray);
                    break;
                case FocusMethod.GrayVariance:
                    sharpness = CalculateGrayVariance(gray);
                    break;
                case FocusMethod.SMD:
                    sharpness = CalculateSMD(gray);
                    break;
            }

            gray.Dispose();
            return sharpness;
        }

        private static double CalculateTenengrad(Mat gray)
        {
            Mat gradX = new Mat();
            Mat gradY = new Mat();
            Mat magnitude = new Mat();

            Cv2.Sobel(gray, gradX, MatType.CV_32F, 1, 0, 3);
            Cv2.Sobel(gray, gradY, MatType.CV_32F, 0, 1, 3);
            Cv2.Magnitude(gradX, gradY, magnitude);

            Scalar mean = Cv2.Mean(magnitude);

            gradX.Dispose();
            gradY.Dispose();
            magnitude.Dispose();

            return mean.Val0;
        }

        private static double CalculateLaplacianVariance(Mat gray)
        {
            Mat laplacian = new Mat();
            Cv2.Laplacian(gray, laplacian, MatType.CV_32F);

            Mat mean = new Mat();
            Mat stdDev = new Mat();
            Cv2.MeanStdDev(laplacian, mean, stdDev);

            double variance = stdDev.Get<double>(0);
            variance = variance * variance;

            laplacian.Dispose();
            mean.Dispose();
            stdDev.Dispose();

            return variance;
        }

        private static double CalculateBrenner(Mat gray)
        {
            double sum = 0;
            int width = gray.Cols;
            int height = gray.Rows;

            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
            {
                for (int x = 0; x < width - 2; x++)
                {
                    int diff = gray.Get<byte>(y, x + 2) - gray.Get<byte>(y, x);
                    sum += diff * diff;
                }
            }

            return sum / (width * height);
        }

        private static double CalculateGrayVariance(Mat gray)
        {
            Mat mean = new Mat();
            Mat stdDev = new Mat();
            Cv2.MeanStdDev(gray, mean, stdDev);

            double variance = stdDev.Get<double>(0);
            variance = variance * variance;

            mean.Dispose();
            stdDev.Dispose();

            return variance;
        }

        private static double CalculateSMD(Mat gray)
        {
            double sum = 0;
            int width = gray.Cols;
            int height = gray.Rows;

            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
            {
                for (int x = 0; x < width - 1; x++)
                {
                    sum += Math.Abs(gray.Get<byte>(y, x + 1) - gray.Get<byte>(y, x));
                }
            }

            for (int y = 0; y < height - 1; y++)
            {
                for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
                {
                    sum += Math.Abs(gray.Get<byte>(y + 1, x) - gray.Get<byte>(y, x));
                }
            }

            return sum / (width * height);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 分析棋盘格对比度
        /// </summary>
        public static CheckerboardResult AnalyzeCheckerboardContrast(Mat image, Rect? roi = null)
        {
            var result = new CheckerboardResult();

            try
            {
                // 转换为灰度图
                Mat gray = new Mat();
                if (image.Channels() == 3)
                    Cv2.CvtColor(image, gray, ColorConversionCodes.BGR2GRAY);
                else
                    gray = image.Clone();

                // 应用ROI
                if (roi.HasValue)
                {
                    gray = new Mat(gray, roi.Value);
                }

                // 简化版的棋盘格检测
                bool detected = TryDetectCheckerboard(gray, out double blackMean, out double whiteMean);

                if (detected)
                {
                    result.Detected = true;
                    result.BlackMean = blackMean;
                    result.WhiteMean = whiteMean;
                    result.Contrast = Math.Abs(whiteMean - blackMean);
                    result.OptimalBrightness = CalculateOptimalBrightness(blackMean, whiteMean);
                }

                gray.Dispose();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"棋盘格分析出错: {ex.Message}");
            }

            return result;
        }

        private static bool TryDetectCheckerboard(Mat gray, out double blackMean, out double whiteMean)
        {
            blackMean = 0;
            whiteMean = 0;

            try
            {
                // 使用自适应阈值进行二值化
                Mat binary = new Mat();
                Cv2.AdaptiveThreshold(gray, binary, 255,
                    AdaptiveThresholdTypes.GaussianC,
                    ThresholdTypes.Binary, 11, 2);

                // 查找轮廓
                var contours = Cv2.FindContoursAsArray(binary,
                    RetrievalModes.External,
                    ContourApproximationModes.ApproxSimple);

                // 寻找近似矩形的轮廓（可能是棋盘格）
                var rectangles = new List<Rect>();
                foreach (var contour in contours)
                {
                    var poly = Cv2.ApproxPolyDP(contour, 0.02 * Cv2.ArcLength(contour, true), true);

                    if (poly.Length == 4) // 四边形
                    {
                        var rect = Cv2.BoundingRect(contour);
                        if (rect.Width > 50 && rect.Height > 50) // 忽略太小的区域
                        {
                            rectangles.Add(rect);
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (rectangles.Count >= 2)
                {
                    // 采样黑色和白色区域
                    blackMean = SampleRegionMean(gray, rectangles[0]);
                    whiteMean = SampleRegionMean(gray, rectangles.Count > 1 ? rectangles[1] : rectangles[0]);

                    // 确保黑色比白色暗
                    if (blackMean > whiteMean)
                    {
                        double temp = blackMean;
                        blackMean = whiteMean;
                        whiteMean = temp;
                    }

                    return true;
                }

                binary.Dispose();
            }
            catch
            {
                // 如果检测失败，返回false
            }

            return false;
        }

        private static double SampleRegionMean(Mat gray, Rect region)
        {
            var sample = new Mat(gray, region);
            Scalar mean = Cv2.Mean(sample);
            sample.Dispose();
            return mean.Val0;
        }

        private static int CalculateOptimalBrightness(double blackMean, double whiteMean)
        {
            double currentMid = (blackMean + whiteMean) / 2;
            return (int)Clamp(128 + (128 - currentMid), 30, 225);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 计算图像质量评分
        /// </summary>
        public static double CalculateQualityScore(double sharpness, CheckerboardResult checkerboard)
        {
            // 清晰度评分（0-50分）
            double sharpnessScore = Clamp(sharpness / 0.5, 0, 50);

            // 对比度评分（0-50分）
            double contrastScore = 0;
            if (checkerboard.Detected)
            {
                contrastScore = Clamp(checkerboard.Contrast / 2, 0, 50);
            }

            return sharpnessScore + contrastScore;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 生成建议
        /// </summary>
        public static List<string> GenerateSuggestions(double sharpness, CheckerboardResult checkerboard,
            double sharpnessThreshold, double contrastThreshold)
        {
            var suggestions = new List<string>();

            // 清晰度建议
            if (sharpness < sharpnessThreshold)
                suggestions.Add("图像模糊，请调整焦距使图像变清晰");
            else if (sharpness < sharpnessThreshold * 2)
                suggestions.Add("清晰度一般，可以继续微调焦距");
            else
                suggestions.Add("图像清晰度良好");

            // 棋盘格建议
            if (checkerboard.Detected)
            {
                if (checkerboard.Contrast < contrastThreshold)
                    suggestions.Add("棋盘格对比度过低，建议调整光源");
                else if (checkerboard.Contrast < contrastThreshold * 2)
                    suggestions.Add("棋盘格对比度适中");
                else
                    suggestions.Add("棋盘格对比度很好");

                suggestions.Add($"建议亮度值: {checkerboard.OptimalBrightness}");
            }
            else
            {
                suggestions.Add("未检测到棋盘格，请确保棋盘格在视野中");
            }

            return suggestions;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用MathNet计算统计信息
        /// </summary>
        public static StatisticalSummary CalculateStatistics(List<double> data)
        {
            if (data == null || data.Count == 0)
                return new StatisticalSummary();

            // 使用MathNet.Numerics.Statistics计算
            var stats = MathNet.Numerics.Statistics.Statistics.MeanVariance(data);

            return new StatisticalSummary
            {
                Mean = stats.Item1,  // 均值
                Variance = stats.Item2,  // 方差
                StdDev = Math.Sqrt(stats.Item2),  // 标准差
                Min = data.Min(),
                Max = data.Max(),
                Count = data.Count
            };
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用MathNet计算更详细的统计信息
        /// </summary>
        public static StatisticalSummary CalculateDetailedStatistics(List<double> data)
        {
            if (data == null || data.Count == 0)
                return new StatisticalSummary();

            // 使用DescriptiveStatistics获取更多统计信息
            var descriptiveStats = new MathNet.Numerics.Statistics.DescriptiveStatistics(data);

            return new StatisticalSummary
            {
                Mean = descriptiveStats.Mean,
                Variance = descriptiveStats.Variance,
                StdDev = descriptiveStats.StandardDeviation,
                Min = descriptiveStats.Minimum,
                Max = descriptiveStats.Maximum,
                Count = data.Count,
                // 还可以添加更多统计信息
                Skewness = descriptiveStats.Skewness,
                Kurtosis = descriptiveStats.Kurtosis
            };
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 计算移动平均
        /// </summary>
        public static List<double> CalculateMovingAverage(List<double> data, int windowSize)
        {
            if (data == null || data.Count == 0 || windowSize <= 0)
                return new List<double>();

            var result = new List<double>();

            for (int i = 0; i < data.Count; i++)
            {
                int start = Math.Max(0, i - windowSize + 1);
                int count = Math.Min(windowSize, i + 1);

                double sum = 0;
                for (int j = start; j <= i; j++)
                {
                    sum += data[j];
                }
                result.Add(sum / count);
            }

            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 计算指数移动平均
        /// </summary>
        public static List<double> CalculateExponentialMovingAverage(List<double> data, double alpha)
        {
            if (data == null || data.Count == 0 || alpha <= 0 || alpha > 1)
                return new List<double>();

            var result = new List<double> { data[0] };

            for (int i = 1; i < data.Count; i++)
            {
                double ema = alpha * data[i] + (1 - alpha) * result[i - 1];
                result.Add(ema);
            }

            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 检测峰值
        /// </summary>
        public static List<int> DetectPeaks(List<double> data, double threshold = 0.5)
        {
            var peaks = new List<int>();

            if (data == null || data.Count < 3)
                return peaks;

            var stats = CalculateStatistics(data);
            double mean = stats.Mean;
            double stdDev = stats.StdDev;

            for (int i = 1; i < data.Count - 1; i++)
            {
                if (data[i] > data[i - 1] && data[i] > data[i + 1])
                {
                    // 峰值需要超过阈值
                    if (data[i] > mean + threshold * stdDev)
                    {
                        peaks.Add(i);
                    }
                }
            }

            return peaks;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 计算趋势线（线性回归）
        /// </summary>
        public static (double slope, double intercept) CalculateTrendLine(List<double> data)
        {
            if (data == null || data.Count == 0)
                return (0, 0);

            var xData = Enumerable.Range(0, data.Count).Select(x => (double)x).ToArray();
            var yData = data.ToArray();

            // 使用MathNet进行线性回归
            var fit = MathNet.Numerics.Fit.Line(xData, yData);

            return (fit.Item2, fit.Item1);  // slope, intercept
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 计算自相关性
        /// </summary>
        public static List<double> CalculateAutocorrelation(List<double> data, int maxLag = 20)
        {
            if (data == null || data.Count == 0)
                return new List<double>();

            var autocorr = new List<double>();
            var stats = CalculateStatistics(data);
            double mean = stats.Mean;
            double variance = stats.Variance;

            if (variance == 0) return autocorr;

            int n = data.Count;
            maxLag = Math.Min(maxLag, n - 1);

            for (int lag = 0; lag <= maxLag; lag++)
            {
                double sum = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i < n - lag; i++)
                {
                    sum += (data[i] - mean) * (data[i + lag] - mean);
                }
                autocorr.Add(sum / ((n - lag) * variance));
            }

            return autocorr;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 扩展的统计摘要类
    /// </summary>
    public class StatisticalSummary
    {
        public double Mean { get; set; }
        public double Variance { get; set; }
        public double StdDev { get; set; }
        public double Min { get; set; }
        public double Max { get; set; }
        public int Count { get; set; }

        // 扩展的统计信息
        public double Skewness { get; set; }  // 偏度
        public double Kurtosis { get; set; }  // 峰度

        // 分位数（可选）
        public double Median { get; set; }
        public double Q1 { get; set; }  // 第一四分位数
        public double Q3 { get; set; }  // 第三四分位数
        public double IQR => Q3 - Q1;   // 四分位距

        /// <summary>
        /// 计算分位数
        /// </summary>
        public void CalculateQuantiles(List<double> data)
        {
            if (data == null || data.Count == 0)
                return;

            var sortedData = data.OrderBy(x => x).ToList();

            // 中位数
            Median = MathNet.Numerics.Statistics.Statistics.Median(sortedData);

            // 四分位数
            Q1 = MathNet.Numerics.Statistics.Statistics.Quantile(sortedData, 0.25);
            Q3 = MathNet.Numerics.Statistics.Statistics.Quantile(sortedData, 0.75);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 生成统计摘要字符串
        /// </summary>
        public string ToSummaryString()
        {
            return $@"统计摘要:
样本数量: {Count}
均值: {Mean:F3}
标准差: {StdDev:F3}
最小值: {Min:F3}
最大值: {Max:F3}
范围: {Max - Min:F3}
方差: {Variance:F3}
偏度: {Skewness:F3}
峰度: {Kurtosis:F3}";
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取详细统计信息（包含分位数）
        /// </summary>
        public string ToDetailedString()
        {
            return $@"详细统计信息:
样本数量: {Count}
均值: {Mean:F3} ± {StdDev:F3}
中位数: {Median:F3}
第一四分位数(Q1): {Q1:F3}
第三四分位数(Q3): {Q3:F3}
四分位距(IQR): {IQR:F3}
最小值: {Min:F3}
最大值: {Max:F3}
范围: {Max - Min:F3}
方差: {Variance:F3}
标准差: {StdDev:F3}
变异系数: {(StdDev / Mean * 100):F1}%
偏度: {Skewness:F3}
峰度: {Kurtosis:F3}";
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 分析结果增强类
    /// </summary>
    public class EnhancedAnalysisResult : AnalysisResult
    {
        public StatisticalSummary SharpnessStats { get; set; }
        public StatisticalSummary ContrastStats { get; set; }
        public List<int> SharpnessPeaks { get; set; }
        public double TrendSlope { get; set; }
        public double TrendIntercept { get; set; }
        public double AutocorrelationAtLag1 { get; set; }

        public EnhancedAnalysisResult()
        {
            SharpnessStats = new StatisticalSummary();
            ContrastStats = new StatisticalSummary();
            SharpnessPeaks = new List<int>();
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 增强的分析引擎
    /// </summary>
    public static class EnhancedFocusAnalysisEngine
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 执行增强分析
        /// </summary>
        public static EnhancedAnalysisResult PerformEnhancedAnalysis(
            List<DataPoint> historyData,
            AnalysisResult baseResult)
        {
            var enhancedResult = new EnhancedAnalysisResult
            {
                // 复制基础结果
                Sharpness = baseResult.Sharpness,
                Checkerboard = baseResult.Checkerboard,
                QualityScore = baseResult.QualityScore,
                FrameCount = baseResult.FrameCount,
                BestSharpness = baseResult.BestSharpness,
                AnalysisTime = baseResult.AnalysisTime,
                Suggestions = baseResult.Suggestions
            };

            if (historyData == null || historyData.Count == 0)
                return enhancedResult;

            // 提取清晰度和对比度数据
            var sharpnessData = historyData.Select(d => d.Sharpness).ToList();
            var contrastData = historyData
                .Where(d => d.Contrast > 0)
                .Select(d => d.Contrast)
                .ToList();

            // 计算统计信息
            enhancedResult.SharpnessStats = FocusAnalysisEngine.CalculateDetailedStatistics(sharpnessData);
            if (contrastData.Count > 0)
            {
                enhancedResult.ContrastStats = FocusAnalysisEngine.CalculateDetailedStatistics(contrastData);
            }

            // 计算分位数
            enhancedResult.SharpnessStats.CalculateQuantiles(sharpnessData);

            // 检测峰值
            enhancedResult.SharpnessPeaks = FocusAnalysisEngine.DetectPeaks(sharpnessData, 1.0);

            // 计算趋势线
            var trend = FocusAnalysisEngine.CalculateTrendLine(sharpnessData);
            enhancedResult.TrendSlope = trend.slope;
            enhancedResult.TrendIntercept = trend.intercept;

            // 计算自相关性
            var autocorr = FocusAnalysisEngine.CalculateAutocorrelation(sharpnessData, 1);
            if (autocorr.Count > 1)
            {
                enhancedResult.AutocorrelationAtLag1 = autocorr[1];
            }

            return enhancedResult;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 生成增强分析报告
        /// </summary>
        public static string GenerateEnhancedReport(EnhancedAnalysisResult result)
        {
            var report = new System.Text.StringBuilder();

            report.AppendLine("=== 增强分析报告 ===");
            report.AppendLine($"分析时间: {result.AnalysisTime:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}");
            report.AppendLine($"总帧数: {result.FrameCount}");
            report.AppendLine();

            report.AppendLine("一、清晰度统计分析");
            report.AppendLine(result.SharpnessStats.ToDetailedString());
            report.AppendLine();

            report.AppendLine("二、趋势分析");
            report.AppendLine($"趋势线斜率: {result.TrendSlope:F6}");
            report.AppendLine($"趋势线截距: {result.TrendIntercept:F3}");
            report.AppendLine($"自相关性(lag=1): {result.AutocorrelationAtLag1:F3}");
            report.AppendLine($"检测到峰值数量: {result.SharpnessPeaks.Count}");

            if (result.SharpnessPeaks.Any())
            {
                report.Append("峰值位置(帧): ");
                report.AppendLine(string.Join(", ", result.SharpnessPeaks));
            }
            report.AppendLine();

            if (result.ContrastStats.Count > 0)
            {
                report.AppendLine("三、对比度统计分析");
                report.AppendLine(result.ContrastStats.ToSummaryString());
                report.AppendLine();
            }

            report.AppendLine("四、分析建议");
            if (result.SharpnessPeaks.Count > 0)
            {
                int lastPeak = result.SharpnessPeaks.Last();
                report.AppendLine($"发现清晰度峰值，最后峰值在第 {lastPeak + 1} 帧");

                if (result.TrendSlope < -0.01)
                    report.AppendLine("清晰度呈下降趋势，可能已过最佳对焦点");
                else if (result.TrendSlope > 0.01)
                    report.AppendLine("清晰度呈上升趋势，可继续当前方向调整");
                else
                    report.AppendLine("清晰度趋势平稳");
            }

            if (Math.Abs(result.AutocorrelationAtLag1) > 0.5)
            {
                report.AppendLine("数据具有较强自相关性，表明调整过程平稳");
            }

            return report.ToString();
        }
    }
}