TeamAAS-2.5/TeamAAS.Core/TeamAAS.Camera/Cameras/UvcCamera.cs

using OpenCvSharp;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Management;
using System.Threading;
using TeamAAS.Camera.Images;
using TeamAAS.Camera.Models;
using TeamAAS.Camera.Attributes;
using TeamAAS.Camera.Enums;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace TeamAAS.Camera.Cameras
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 基于 Windows UVC/DirectShow 的通用 USB 相机实现。
    /// </summary>
    [Camera("UVC", "UVC")]
    public class UvcCamera : CameraBase
    {
        private readonly object _syncRoot = new object();
        private VideoCapture _capture;

        // “增益(亮度)”这一项实际映射到的属性：优先写 Gain(增益)；
        // 设备不支持时回退到 Brightness(亮度)。读写必须用同一个属性，否则读回的不是写入的那个。
        private VideoCaptureProperties _gainProperty = VideoCaptureProperties.Gain;

        [Browsable(false)]
        public override string CameraBrand => "UVC";

        public UvcCamera(Guid id, int index, string name, string serialNumber, string cameraIp, bool isFindByIp)
            : base(id, index, name, serialNumber, cameraIp, isFindByIp)
        {
            CameraType = CameraType.USB;
        }
        #region  私有属性

        private bool _isAutoExposure=true;
        [Category("II.拓展参数"), DisplayName("1.自动曝光"), Description("勾选后由相机自动曝光；取消勾选则切换到手动曝光值")]
        public bool IsAutoExposure
        {
            get => _isAutoExposure;
            set
            {
                if (SetProperty(ref _isAutoExposure, value))
                    ApplyAutoExposure();
            }
        }
        [Category("II.拓展参数"), DisplayName("2.亮度"), Description("画面亮度(Brightness)")]
        public float Brightness
        {
            get => (float)GetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties.Brightness);
            set => SetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties.Brightness, value);
        }

        [Category("II.拓展参数"), DisplayName("3.对比度"), Description("画面对比度(Contrast)")]
        public float Contrast
        {
            get => (float)GetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties.Contrast);
            set => SetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties.Contrast, value);
        }

        [Category("II.拓展参数"), DisplayName("4.清晰度"), Description("画面清晰度(Sharpness)")]
        public float Sharpness
        {
            get => (float)GetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties.Sharpness);
            set => SetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties.Sharpness, value);
        }

        [Category("II.拓展参数"), DisplayName("5.饱和度"), Description("画面饱和度(Saturation)")]
        public float Saturation
        {
            get => (float)GetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties.Saturation);
            set => SetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties.Saturation, value);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 设备发现

        public static CameraInfo[] GetDevices()
        {
            var devices = QueryCameraDevices();
            var infos = new List<CameraInfo>();
            for (var index = 0; index < devices.Count; index++)
            {
                var device = devices[index];
                var name = GetString(device, "Name");
                var deviceId = GetString(device, "DeviceID");
                var manufacturer = GetString(device, "Manufacturer");

                infos.Add(new CameraInfo
                {
                    CameraNo = index,
                    CameraName = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name) ? $"UVC Camera {index}" : name,
                    Model = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name) ? $"UVC Camera {index}" : name,
                    SerialNumber = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(deviceId) ? $"UVC-{index}" : deviceId,
                    ManufacturerName = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(manufacturer) ? "UVC" : manufacturer,
                    CameraBrand = "UVC",
                    CameraType = CameraType.USB,
                });
            }

            // 某些系统不会在 Win32_PnPEntity 中暴露 PNPClass，保留 OpenCV 索引探测作为兜底。
            if (!infos.Any())
            {
                for (var index = 0; index < 10; index++)
                {
                    using (var capture = new VideoCapture())
                    {
                        if (!capture.Open(index, VideoCaptureAPIs.DSHOW) && !capture.Open(index))
                        {
                            continue;
                        }

                        infos.Add(new CameraInfo
                        {
                            CameraNo = index,
                            CameraName = $"UVC Camera {index}",
                            Model = $"UVC Camera {index}",
                            SerialNumber = $"UVC-{index}",
                            ManufacturerName = "UVC",
                            CameraBrand = "UVC",
                            CameraType = CameraType.USB,
                        });
                    }
                }
            }

            return infos.ToArray();
        }

        public static (bool isInstalled, string version) CheckSoftwareInstalled()
        {
            return (true, "OpenCvSharp4");
        }

        #endregion

        #region SDK 实现

        public override bool OpenDevice()
        {
            using (WriteLockScope())
            {
                try
                {
                    _capture = new VideoCapture();
                    var opened = _capture.Open(Index, VideoCaptureAPIs.DSHOW);
                    if (!opened)
                    {
                        opened = _capture.Open(Index);
                    }

                    IsConnected = opened && _capture.IsOpened();
                    if (IsConnected)
                    {
                        ImageWidth = (UInt32)Math.Max(0, _capture.Get(VideoCaptureProperties.FrameWidth));
                        ImageHeight = (UInt32)Math.Max(0, _capture.Get(VideoCaptureProperties.FrameHeight));
                        try { _capture.Set(VideoCaptureProperties.BufferSize, 1); } catch { }
                        // 连接成功后按当前开关恢复自动曝光状态
                        ApplyAutoExposure();
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        ErrorMessage = $"无法打开UVC相机：{Name}";
                    }

                    if (!IsConnected)
                        OnConnectChanged(false);
                    else
                        OnConnectChanged(true);
                    return IsConnected;
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    ErrorMessage = ex.Message;
                    IsConnected = false;
                    OnConnectChanged(false);
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }

        public override void CloseDevice()
        {
            using (WriteLockScope())
            {
                if (_capture != null)
                {
                    lock (_syncRoot)
                    {
                        if (_capture.IsOpened())
                        {
                            _capture.Release();
                        }
                    }
                    _capture.Dispose();
                    _capture = null;
                }
                IsConnected = false;
                OnConnectChanged(false);
            }
        }

        public override GenImage Grab()
        {
            using (WriteLockScope())
            {
                var stopwatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
                try
                {
                    if (_capture == null || !_capture.IsOpened())
                    {
                        ErrorMessage = "相机未连接";
                        return null;
                    }

                    // 原先在这里等待 50ms 试图"等一帧新的"，但 Read 取的是队列最旧帧，
                    // 等待只会让新帧堆在旧帧后面，无法消除滞后，故移除。
                    using (var frame = new Mat())
                    {
                        lock (_syncRoot)
                        {
                            // OpenCV 的 Read 出队的是缓冲队列里【最旧】的一帧。
                            // 冲刷只在单拍场景（非连续采集）执行：此时队列中可能滞留上一轮的旧帧，
                            // 先读一帧丢弃，第二次读到的才是当前帧。
                            // 连续采集（预览）模式下队列被循环持续消费、本就只差约一帧，
                            // 若也冲刷会让每次 Grab 吃掉两帧、预览帧率减半，故跳过。
                            if (!IsGrabbing)
                            {
                                using (var stale = new Mat())
                                {
                                    _capture.Read(stale);
                                }
                            }

                            if (!_capture.Read(frame) || frame.Empty())
                            {
                                ErrorMessage = "UVC相机采集图像失败";
                                return null;
                            }
                        }

                        ImageWidth = (UInt32)frame.Width;
                        ImageHeight = (UInt32)frame.Height;
                        Image = MatToGenImage(frame);
                        ApplyGammaToImage(Image);
                        TotalTime = stopwatch.Elapsed;
                        ErrorMessage = string.Empty;
                        return Image;
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    ErrorMessage = ex.Message;
                    return null;
                }
                finally
                {
                    stopwatch.Stop();
                    TotalTime = stopwatch.Elapsed;
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 将 OpenCvSharp Mat 转换为通用 GenImage。
        /// 1 通道 → Grey8，3 通道 → BGR24（OpenCV 默认 BGR），4 通道 → BGRA32。
        /// </summary>
        private GenImage MatToGenImage(Mat frame)
        {
            if (frame == null || frame.Empty())
            {
                return null;
            }

            PixelType format;
            switch (frame.Channels())
            {
                case 1:
                    format = PixelType.Grey8;
                    break;
                case 3:
                    format = PixelType.BGR24;
                    break;
                case 4:
                    format = PixelType.BGRA32;
                    break;
                default:
                    ErrorMessage = $"不支持的通道数：{frame.Channels()}";
                    return null;
            }

            return GenImage.FromIntPtr(frame.Width, frame.Height, format, frame.Data, (int)frame.Step());
        }

        public override bool SetExposureTime(float exposureTime)
        {
            using (WriteLockScope())
            {
                // 自动曝光开启时，曝光由相机接管，手动值会被 AE 覆盖——此时忽略手动写入；
                // 需要手动调曝光请先取消自动曝光。
                if (IsAutoExposure)
                    return true;

                // UVC/DirectShow 标准语义：曝光值 E 表示 2^E 秒。
                // 把用户输入的微秒换算成 E = log2(微秒 / 1e6)，并钳制到常见 UVC 范围（约 -13 ~ 0，即 0.12ms ~ 1s）。
                double seconds = exposureTime / 1e6;
                double logExp = Math.Log(seconds, 2.0);
                logExp = Math.Max(-13.0, Math.Min(0.0, logExp));
                return SetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties.Exposure, logExp);
            }
        }

        public override float GetExposureTime()
        {
            using (ReadLockScope())
            {
                // 对数秒 -> 微秒：2^E * 1e6
                double logExp = GetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties.Exposure);
                return (float)(Math.Pow(2.0, logExp) * 1e6);
            }
        }

        public override bool SetGain(float gain)
        {
            using (WriteLockScope())
            {
                // 与手动曝光同理：UVC 的自动曝光（AE）通常连同自动增益（AGC）一起接管，
                // 自动模式下手动写 Gain 会被覆盖——此时忽略手动写入；需手动请先取消自动曝光。
                if (IsAutoExposure)
                    return true;

                // 探测 + 回退：多数 UVC 摄像头不暴露 Gain(增益)（OpenCV DSHOW 后端
                // 映射到 IAMVideoProcAmp::put_Gain 会返回“属性不支持”，即 _capture.Set 返回 false）。
                // 此时回退到 Brightness(亮度) —— 界面项本就是“增益(亮度)”，让“变亮”真正生效。
                // 注意：只有两种属性都失败才返回 false；成功后记录实际使用的属性，保证读写对称。
                var used = VideoCaptureProperties.Gain;
                if (!SetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties.Gain, gain))
                {
                    if (!SetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties.Brightness, gain))
                        return false;
                    used = VideoCaptureProperties.Brightness;
                }

                lock (_syncRoot)
                {
                    _gainProperty = used;
                }
                return true;
            }
        }

        public override float GetGain()
        {
            using (ReadLockScope())
            {
                VideoCaptureProperties used;
                lock (_syncRoot)
                {
                    used = _gainProperty;
                }
                return (float)GetCaptureProperty(used);
            }
        }

        public override bool SetGamma(float gamma)
        {
            using (WriteLockScope())
            {
                UpdateGammaSnapshot(gamma);
                return true;
            }
        }

        public override float GetGamma()
        {
            using (ReadLockScope())
            {
                return Gamma;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 把当前自动曝光开关写入硬件：DSHOW 后端的 AutoExposure 属性 0=手动，1=自动。
        /// 连接后才真正下发；未连接仅保存状态，连接后由 OpenDevice 补发。
        /// 成功与否仅记录，不抛出（UI 勾选状态以本地为准，实际效果以回读为准）。
        /// </summary>
        private void ApplyAutoExposure()
        {
            if (!IsConnected) return;
            try
            {
                SetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties.AutoExposure, _isAutoExposure ? 1 : 0);
            }
            catch { }
        }

        #endregion

        #region 辅助方法

        private bool EnsureOpened()
        {
            if (_capture != null && _capture.IsOpened())
            {
                return true;
            }

            return OpenDevice();
        }

        private bool SetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties property, double value)
        {
            if (!EnsureOpened())
            {
                return false;
            }

            lock (_syncRoot)
            {
                return _capture.Set(property, value);
            }
        }

        private double GetCaptureProperty(VideoCaptureProperties property)
        {
            if (!EnsureOpened())
            {
                return 0;
            }

            lock (_syncRoot)
            {
                return _capture.Get(property);
            }
        }

        private static List<ManagementObject> QueryCameraDevices()
        {
            var result = new List<ManagementObject>();
            try
            {
                using (var searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE PNPClass='Camera' OR PNPClass='Image'"))
                {
                    foreach (ManagementObject device in searcher.Get())
                    {
                        var deviceId = GetString(device, "DeviceID");
                        if (IsUvcDevice(deviceId))
                        {
                            result.Add(device);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            catch
            {
            }

            return result;
        }

        private static bool IsUvcDevice(string deviceId)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(deviceId))
            {
                return false;
            }

            var normalized = deviceId.ToUpperInvariant();
            return normalized.StartsWith("USB\\") || normalized.Contains("MI_00") || normalized.Contains("VID_");
        }

        private static string GetString(ManagementBaseObject obj, string propertyName)
        {
            try
            {
                return obj[propertyName]?.ToString();
            }
            catch
            {
                return string.Empty;
            }
        }

        #endregion
    }
}